Multiple radiant cell gas burner



y 8, 1952 M. A. HELLER ET AL 2,602,496

MULTIPLE RADIANT 0131.1. GAS BURNER Filed May 2'7, 1949 3 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR. MAX A HLLR By ANGELO J C O/YT/ Arrow/-15 y 1952 M. A. HELLER ET AL 2,602,496

MULTIPLE RADIANT CELL GAS BURNER 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed May 27, 1949 INVENTORS. MAX A. Ham/2 BY ANGELOJ. CONT.

A TTORNC Y.

y 8, 1952 M. A. HELLER ETAL 2,602,496

MULTIPLE RADIANT CELL GAS BURNER Filed May 27, 1949 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 7/ Z 7 40 lg l 2 7 2, 2 j 2 Tzi W 2/ I mu E L 12 I 26'- |r| i 26 65 35 36 36 a 1 42 i 5 27 .12; 5.- I k l INVENTORS.

MAX Air 4152. BY ANGALOJ Co/vn A'TTORNCY.

Patented July 8, 1952 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE P MULTIPLE RADIANT CELL GAS BURNER ,Max A. Heller and Angelo J. Conti, Denver, Colo. Application'May 27, 1949, Serial No. 95,728

This invention relates to improvements in gas burners of the type employed for theheating of large residences, apartment houses and commercial structures.

The use of natural gas for the heating of residences has been found to. be very economical and highly satisfactory and has therefore been quite generally adapted wherever'the proper gas supply has been available. A large number of different types and styles of burnershave been invented and marketed for use in the heating plants of residences.

Where large structures are to be heated the burners designed for'use in residences are not suitable and if employed in boilers of larger size than those for which they are designed do not operate at the optimum efficiency.

It is the object'of this invention to produce a gas burner designed for use with large hot water or steam boilers that have elongated or oblong combustion chambers.

Another object is to produce a burner that can be adjusted to fit combustion chambers of different lengthsand widths to get the most efficient transfer of heat to the convection medium.

A further object is to produce a burner of such construction that it can'be readily increased in size above a certain minimum unit, without altering in any way the structure and relationship of the other parts.

Another object is to produce a burner in which both the primary and the secondary air is supplied under pressure from an air box.

A further object is to produce a burner having a plurality of burners constructed in a manner similar to what is known as Bunsen burners whereby complete combustion is obtained.

Another object is to produce a burner in which the burner-tips are formed from fire clay and so related to the combustion zone that they will reach a temperature atwhich they become incandescent and remain-so as long as the burner is inoperation. v r

A further object is to produce a. double burner in which each burner is provided with a separate pilot having agas and air supply that are independent of the burner controls. a y

The above and any other objects that may become apparent as thedescription, proceeds are attained by means of a. construction and arrangement of parts that will now be described in detail and for this purpose reference will be had to the accompanyingdrawings. in which the invention has been illustrated and in which Figure 1 is a perspe t v vi w-Of the entire 8; Claims. (o1. l58104) 2 burner assembly and shows the normal relation of the several parts;

Figure 2 is a top plan view of the burner shown in Figure l but with the cover of the air box'and the parts supported thereby removed to show the parts located therein;

Figure 3 is a side elevation of the parts shown in Figure 2 but with the cover and blower shown bydottedlines; Figure 4 is an end elevation looking in the direction of arrow 4 in Figure 2; I

Figure 5 is a section takenon line 2 and 3;

Figure 6 is a-section ure 4 Figure '7 is a section ure 6 Figure 8 ure'l; i

Figure 9 is a side view of ajunction ring, look-' ing through plane 99, Figure 10; and,

Figure 10 isa section takenvonlinerjl 0-10, Figure9. i

In-the drawing reference numeral 15 designates an air box of heavy gauge iron comprising cast iron ends l6 and I1 each of which has "a, top flange and a bottom flange that-has been designated by number l8. The sides [9 and bottom 20 are formed by a: single sheet. End I1 is provided with two large openings like that shown in Figure 8 and designated by numeral 2 l'.

Extending from the'end H of the air box are two' gas burner assemblies whose construction have been illustrated'in Figures 6; 7 and fito which reference will now be had. Each gas plenum or burner assemblyconsists of acast'iron end 22 having one side provided with a tubular hub 23 of a diameter to fit hole 2|. The outer surface of hub 23 is fluted as indicated by numerial24; theflutesserve as anchor devices for the ends of-bolts 25. The other end of each burner assembly is formed by a casting 22A that is similar-to end 22 the principal distinction being that holes ZIA are smaller-than holes 2|.v A curved plate 26 extends between the end plates with its ends positioned inthe grooves provided for that purpose on the inner surface of ends 22 and 22A. A gas pipe 21 extends through each burner assembly and through the rear burner support leg 28; a cap 29 closes the end ofthe. pipe and .holds the leg in place. Referring now more particularly to Figures 2, 3 andfi it will be seen that gas pipe 30 enters the air box-through an opening in side I9 and terminatesin 1 3|. Pipe 32 enters through the other side I9 and ters 5, Figures taken on line 6-6, Figtaken oh line i- -'|,'Figis a section taken on line 8-8, Figminates in T 3l'a. The two Ts are joined by a connector 33. The stem of each T is connected with one part of a standard ground seat union 34 the other part being connected with the end of the corresponding pipe 21. When the burners are to be adjusted angularly the unions 34 are first loosened as are also bolts after which the burners may be tilted and then secured in tilted or adjusted position by bolts 25 and by the tightened unions.

Referring now more particularly to Figures 6, 7 and 8 it will be observed that the portion of pipe 21 between ends 22 and 22A is provided with spaced openings in each of which is positioned a nozzle i whose tip projects into a Venturi tube 36 (see Figure 7). In the drawing each burner assembly is shown as having six nozzles andsix Venturi tubes. 7

From Figure 7 it will be seen that each burner assembly has a channel 31 forming the top and that standard replaceable fire bricks; 38 are seated in the channel. Each fire brick is nine inches long and has three holes 39 so positioned that the tips of the Venturi tubes project into them in the manner shown in Figures 6 and '7. Each Venturi tube has a bead 40 andtwo oppositely positioned openings 4| through which secondary air may enter. The primary air enters through openings 42 as indicated by the arrows in Figure '7.

Referring now more particularly to Figuresl, 2 and 3 the main gas supply pipe has been designated by 43 and is provided with a manually operable main gas valve or stop cock 44. A short pipe 45 connects pipe 43 with the pressure regulator 46, set at 3 W. C. The outlet of the pressure regulator is in communication with pipe 30 by means of a. pipe 4'! and a ground seat union 34a. An approved automatic gas valve 48 operable upon demand or primary temperature control, is positioned in pipe 41 and performs the usual function in the usual manner. Pipe 32' is connected with the mercury blower switch 49 by a conduit 50. A junction box 5| is supported on 49 and in turn supports the low voltage transformer 52.

The air box has a cover formed from parts 53 and 54 both parts being removable. Part 54 carries two blowers 55 operated by a direct connected motor 56. The outlets of the blowers communicate with the interior of the air box and are each provided with an adjustable blower shutter 51 that controls the quantity of air delivered to the box and the pressure of the air in the latter. Numeral 51A indicates a junction box for electric wires. 7

It is now evident that when the blowers operate air will be forced into the air box and into the chambers surrounding the Venturi tubes. Primary air will enter the Venturi tubes through openings 42 and secondary air through openings 4|. If gas is flowing into the Venturi tubes it will be mixed with air and when ignited will burn as it emerges through openings 39. Some of the gas will burn in openings 39 and blocks 38 therefore soon become incandescent.

All gas burners of this type must be provided with pilots and safety controls. The pilots must be connected with supply pipe 43 on the supply side of valve 44 and be controlled by a manually operable valve 58. Pipe 59 extends from valve 58 to T 60 from which pipes 61 extend to the angle pilots Sla.

Air for the pilots is supplied through pipes 62 and flexible tubings 63. Associated with each pilot is a stainless steel thermocouple. Each thermocouple is connected with one of the magnetic switches 64 that are connected in series with the main gas valve 48 which is held in open position by a magnet whose current supply flows in series through magnet switches 64. When either switch 64 opens the gas supply to the burners will, be cut off. An air safety switch is connected with one of the blowers and stops the flow of gas to the burners in case the fans cease functioning. The switch has not been shown as it is standard equipment.

The several safety devices that have been shown in the drawing and mentioned in the specification have not been. described in detail because they are, standard equipment purchasable in the open market and are designed and used for the same purpose in all gas heating burners.

Applicants improvement resides in the general combination but more particularly in the burner assemblies and their connections with the air box in such a manner that they may be tilted to obtain the optimum ef iciency;

The burners are so constructed that they may be increased in length and capacity'to any reasonable extent, by adding standard length units. The unit illustrated has twelve jets, six on each side;- to increase the length and capacity, pipe,

2'5- may be lengthened by adding to it the necessary extension. A frame like that shown in Figure 9 is used to join two parts of housing 26 when the length of the burner is increased. 1

For convenience in assembling the parts it is desirable to provide a chair 65 for the pipe 27; this is positioned somewhat as shown in Figiu'es 6 and 8 and longer burners more than one support chair maybe used-2 From the above it will be apparent that the improved construction described above and illustrated in the drawings makes it possible to quickly adjust the burners to fit the combustion chamber in such a way that the heat generated by the burninggaseous mixture will be utilized to the best advantage, and further that the length and capacity of the burner can be increased to fit any length ofccmbustion chamber. The use of fire clay blocks at the outlet of the mixing Venturi assures a uniform ignition and combustion because some combustion takes place in openings 39 and soon brings them to incandescense.

The use of duplex pilots with independent air supply and separate thermocouples assures that the danger of failure to ignite is reduced to the most reasonable limit. 7

Attention is directed in particular to the ease at which these burners may be installed and adjusted to the combustion chamber. i

The capacity of the burners may be increased to fit large capacity boilers by adding burners and increasing the length of the burner housing by steps, each increase being preferably three burners. It is,o f course, possible to add a single burner if it should be found desirableto do so.

Having described the invention what is claimed 1s:

1. In a gas fuel burner of the type having an air box and means for maintainin the air in said box under pressure,one end wall of, said box having two symmetrically placed openings, a gas supply pipe in the air box, two elongated closed burner housings each having an outer wall through which a gas-air mixture may be dis,- charged and. an end wall provided with a tubular hub of the .proper size to fit the openings in the end of the air box, positioned with the hubs extending into the "air box through said openings,

radially therefrom, each burner comprising-a nozzle communicating with a gas pipe manifold and a Venturi tube having an inner end into which its nozzle discharges gas, the outer ends of the Venturi tubes terminating in gas-air discharge openings in the housing outer wall, the Venturi tubes having openings for primary air at their inner ends, other openings for the admission of secondary air near their outer ends, both of said openings being in communication with the interior of the burner housing.

2. A burner in accordance with claim 1 including means operatively associated with the air box and positioned to engage one of the burner housing hubs to securethe latter against accidental rotation.

3. A burner in accordance with claim 1 in which the outer wall of the burner housing having the Venturi receiving openings is provided with a block of refractory material having openings in registry with the openings in the housing outer wall. I

4. A gas burner assembly for use with a-burner having an air box and electric blower means op eratively connected therewith for maintaining air under pressure therein, said assembly consisting of an elongated substantially air tight housing of oblong cross section, having one wall provided with an outwardly extending tubular hub for communicating with the interior of the air I box, a gas pipe manifold extending through the hub and into the housing, one wall of the housing having a plurality of longitudinally spaced burner openings, the gas pipe manifold having an opening in axial alignment with each burner opening, a nozzle in each manifold opening, a Venturi tube operatively associated with each nozzle positioned with its outer end in communication with the corresponding burner opening, and means including the housing for admitting air from the interior of the housing to the Venturi tube for mixture with gas flowing therethrough.

5. A gas burner in accordance with claim 4 in which the burner assembly is provided with at least one pilot burner having a conduit connected thereto adapted to receive air at atmospheric pressure from a point outside of a furnace in which the unit may be installed.

6. A gas burner in accordance with claim 4 in which the wall having the spaced burner openings has removably attached to its outer surface a block of refractory material provided with openings in alignment with the openings in the wall, the openings in the refractory material.

forming chambers in which the primary combustion of the gas takes place.

7. A gas burner comprising an air box having 'one end wall provided with two openings, a

gular adjustment therein, a gas pipe manifold extending through each burner housing, a gas supply pipe in the air box, means for effecting connections between the gas supply pipe and manifold pipes in a manner such that the latter may be adjusted about their longitudinal axes, a plurality of burners connected with a manifold pipe within each housing extending laterally thereof in the same plane, each burner comprising a gas nozzle communicating with a manifold pipe and a Venturi tube having an inner end into which its nozzle discharges gas, each Ven turi tube having a discharge opening at its outer end and an opening at its inner end for the entrance of primary air, at least one opening adjacent its outer end for flow of secondary air therethrough, both openings being in communication with a burner housing, the outer end of each Venturi tube being disposed adjacent an opening in a housing outer wall, means for supplying air under pressure to the air box, and means including said hubs for delivering air from the air box to the housings.

8. A gas burner in accordance with claim 7 in which the hubs have longitudinally extending flutes on their outer surfaces and in which bolts are connected with the air box for engagement with the flutes, for securing the burner housings in angular adjustment.

MAX A. HELLER. ANGELO J. CONTI.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Switzerland Sept. 1, 1924 

